通常在国内使用 Linux 都需要修改镜像地址 ,因为默认的 http://mirrorlist.centos.org 被禁了,根本访问不了,也就无法下载各种包了,所以需要修改。
1. 国内常用的 CentOS 镜像站点地址
阿里云:centos安装包下载_开源镜像站-阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/
网易:Index of /centos/ http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
清华大学:Index of /centos/ | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/
2. 修改 Centos 镜像地址
文件位于 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
修改前:里面的 http://mirrorlist.centos.org 域名国内完全不能访问,所以需要修改。
修改后:原来URL注释,改成阿里云的。
注意:原本URL里面是有 $releasever、$basearch 两个变量的,可以改成和自己的系统一直的版本号,如: 7.9.2009 和 x86_64 了,
我们可以通过下面地址 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/ 来确认URL。
使用说明页:https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/centos
主要流程如下:
1. 备份
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
2. 下载新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
3. 运行 yum makecache 生成缓存
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo 的内容如下:
# CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
验证:输入下面命令来验证。
yum repolist yum clean all yum makecache
如果能正常更新代表正常。
执行 yum repolist 命令报错,提示无法通过https 访问,则是错误。
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